Let "Things" be Universe; m="noisy"; x="battles"; y="that may escape notice".

All x are m; &there4 Some x' are y. All m' are y.

i.e. Some things, that are not battles, may escape notice.

      ---------------
     | 0     |       |
     |    ---|---    |
     |   | 0 | 0 |   |
30.  |---|---|---|---|        -------
     |   | 1 |   |   |       | 0 |   |
     |    ---|---    |       |---|---|
     | 0     |       |       | 1 |   |
      ---------------         -------

Let "persons" be Universe; m="Jews"; x="mad"; y="Rabbis".

No m are x; &there4 All y are x'. All y are m.

i.e. All Rabbis are sane.

      ---------------
     |       |       |
     |    ---|---    |
     |   | 1 |   |   |
31.  |---|---|---|---|        -------
     |   | 0 | 0 |   |       | 1 |   |
     |    ---|---    |       |---|---|
     |       |       |       |   |   |
      ---------------         -------

Let "Things" be Universe; m="fish"; x="that can swim"; y="skates".

No m are x'; &there4 Some y are x. Some y are m.

i.e. Some skates can swim.

      ---------------
     |       |       |
     |    ---|---    |
     |   | 0 | 0 |   |
32.  |---|---|---|---|        -------
     |   | 1 |   |   |       |   |   |
     |    ---|---    |       |---|---|
     |       |       |       | 1 |   |
      ---------------         -------

Let "people" be Universe; m="passionate"; x="reasonable"; y="orators".

All m are x'; &there4 Some y are x'. Some y are m.

i.e. Some orators are unreasonable.

[See remarks on No. 7, p. 60.]

CHAPTER IV.

HIT OR MISS.

"Thou canst not hit it, hit it, hit it, Thou canst not hit it, my good man."

__________

1. Pain is wearisome; No pain is eagerly wished for.

2. No bald person needs a hair-brush; No lizards have hair.

3. All thoughtless people do mischief; No thoughtful person forgets a promise.

4. I do not like John; Some of my friends like John.

5. No potatoes are pine-apples; All pine-apples are nice.

6. No pins are ambitious; No needles are pins.

7. All my friends have colds; No one can sing who has a cold.

8. All these dishes are well-cooked; Some dishes are unwholesome if not well-cooked.

9. No medicine is nice; Senna is a medicine.

10. Some oysters are silent; No silent creatures are amusing.

11. All wise men walk on their feet; All unwise men walk on their hands.

12. "Mind your own business; This quarrel is no business of yours."

13. No bridges are made of sugar; Some bridges are picturesque.

14. No riddles interest me that can be solved; All these riddles are insoluble.

15. John is industrious; All industrious people are happy.

16. No frogs write books; Some people use ink in writing books.

17. No pokers are soft; All pillows are soft.

18. No antelope is ungraceful; Graceful animals delight the eye.

19. Some uncles are ungenerous; All merchants are generous.

20. No unhappy people chuckle; No happy people groan.

21. Audible music causes vibration in the air; Inaudible music is not worth paying for.

22. He gave me five pounds; I was delighted.

23. No old Jews are fat millers; All my friends are old millers.

24. Flour is good for food; Oatmeal is a kind of flour.

25. Some dreams are terrible; No lambs are terrible.

26. No rich man begs in the street; All who are not rich should keep accounts.

27. No thieves are honest; Some dishonest people are found out.

28. All wasps are unfriendly; All puppies are friendly.

29. All improbable stories are doubted; None of these stories are probable.

30. "He told me you had gone away." "He never says one word of truth."

31. His songs never last an hour; A song, that lasts an hour, is tedious.

32. No bride-cakes are wholesome; Unwholesome food should be avoided.

33. No old misers are cheerful; Some old misers are thin.

34. All ducks waddle; Nothing that waddles is graceful.

35. No Professors are ignorant; Some ignorant people are conceited.

36. Toothache is never pleasant; Warmth is never unpleasant.

37. Bores are terrible; You are a bore.

38. Some mountains are insurmountable; All stiles can be surmounted.

39. No Frenchmen like plumpudding; All Englishmen like plumpudding.

40. No idlers win fame; Some painters are not idle.

41. No lobsters are unreasonable; No reasonable creatures expect impossibilities.

42. No kind deed is unlawful; What is lawful may be done without fear.

43. No fossils can be crossed in love; Any oyster may be crossed in love.

44. "This is beyond endurance!" "Well, nothing beyond endurance has ever happened to me."

45. All uneducated men are shallow; All these students are educated.

46. All my cousins are unjust; No judges are unjust.

47. No country, that has been explored, is infested by dragons; Unexplored countries are fascinating.

48. No misers are generous; Some old men are not generous.

49. A prudent man shuns hyaenas; No banker is imprudent.

50. Some poetry is original; No original work is producible at will.

51. No misers are unselfish; None but misers save egg-shells.

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